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球磨機安裝失誤引起的振動問題及處理

作者:紅星機器  發表于(yu): 2016-01-16 16:48:10

球(qiu)磨機在水泥、陶瓷、冶金、選礦等行(xing)業廣(guang)泛應用,是(shi)物料(liao)研(yan)磨必不可少的生(sheng)產設備(bei)。球(qiu)磨機屬于大(da)型礦山生(sheng)產設備(bei),重載運行(xing)與裝(zhuang)載量大(da)是(shi)其生(sheng)產的基本特點。鑒于其工作(zuo)過程沖(chong)擊(ji)力較大(da),對設備(bei)安裝(zhuang)要(yao)求較高,因(yin)為安裝(zhuang)環節的失誤導致(zhi)后期設備(bei)運行(xing)頻繁振動(dong)是(shi)許多廠家存在的問題。

松動引起的振動

球磨(mo)機的振(zhen)動(dong)(dong)(dong)與緊(jin)(jin)固件的松動(dong)(dong)(dong)密切相關,地腳(jiao)螺(luo)栓(shuan)松動(dong)(dong)(dong)時,對振(zhen)動(dong)(dong)(dong)的阻尼作(zuo)用降(jiang)低,球磨(mo)機出(chu)現顛簸,振(zhen)動(dong)(dong)(dong)參數不(bu)穩定(ding),球磨(mo)機內(nei)部緊(jin)(jin)固件或部件的松動(dong)(dong)(dong),多伴隨有較為異常的響聲(sheng)。若松動(dong)(dong)(dong)引(yin)起(qi)不(bu)平(ping)衡,水平(ping)振(zhen)動(dong)(dong)(dong)增大(da);若松動(dong)(dong)(dong)引(yin)起(qi)定(ding)位失效,發生(sheng)在軸向,則軸向振(zhen)動(dong)(dong)(dong)大(da),發生(sheng)在徑向,則水平(ping)、垂(chui)直(zhi)方(fang)向振(zhen)動(dong)(dong)(dong)增大(da);若松動(dong)(dong)(dong)引(yin)起(qi)了干涉(she),會產(chan)生(sheng)撞擊聲(sheng),振(zhen)動(dong)(dong)(dong)增大(da)表現在干涉(she)方(fang)向。軸承(cheng)座的松動(dong)(dong)(dong),振(zhen)動(dong)(dong)(dong)特征表現在垂(chui)直(zhi)方(fang)向。

球磨機

振動特征分析

松動(dong)(dong)(dong)引(yin)(yin)起(qi)的(de)振(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)動(dong)(dong)(dong)以(yi)垂直(zhi)方向為特(te)(te)征(zheng)的(de)振(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)動(dong)(dong)(dong),一般是(shi)固(gu)(gu)定螺(luo)栓(shuan)拉(la)長、退(tui)扣等(deng)原因引(yin)(yin)起(qi),適當緊固(gu)(gu)即可(ke)。如(ru)軸承座的(de)合口螺(luo)栓(shuan)松動(dong)(dong)(dong)、球磨機(ji)地(di)腳螺(luo)栓(shuan)松動(dong)(dong)(dong)等(deng)。若(ruo)(ruo)發現軸承游隙增大較多(duo),可(ke)以(yi)對(dui)軸承做更換處理(li);以(yi)軸向振(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)動(dong)(dong)(dong)為特(te)(te)征(zheng)的(de)振(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)動(dong)(dong)(dong),多(duo)屬地(di)腳螺(luo)栓(shuan)松動(dong)(dong)(dong)引(yin)(yin)起(qi)的(de)球磨機(ji)對(dui)中超差所致(zhi),找出松動(dong)(dong)(dong)部位并找正緊固(gu)(gu)即可(ke),如(ru)聯軸器等(deng);還(huan)有以(yi)水(shui)平(ping)方向為特(te)(te)征(zheng)的(de)振(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)動(dong)(dong)(dong),它是(shi)松動(dong)(dong)(dong)引(yin)(yin)起(qi)回(hui)轉(zhuan)體(ti)的(de)不(bu)平(ping)衡所致(zhi),應(ying)照(zhao)原位恢(hui)復緊固(gu)(gu)松動(dong)(dong)(dong)部件,若(ruo)(ruo)恢(hui)復困(kun)難,要在緊固(gu)(gu)后進(jin)(jin)行動(dong)(dong)(dong)平(ping)衡試驗,消除不(bu)平(ping)衡量,特(te)(te)別是(shi)回(hui)轉(zhuan)體(ti)的(de)配重塊;還(huan)有齒輪的(de)徑(jing)向力產生的(de)水(shui)平(ping)振(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)動(dong)(dong)(dong),可(ke)根據(ju)齒輪傳動(dong)(dong)(dong)引(yin)(yin)起(qi)振(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)動(dong)(dong)(dong)的(de)特(te)(te)征(zheng)一一分析,查出原因,并按前述(shu)方法進(jin)(jin)行處理(li)。

松動引起振動的處理

在(zai)(zai)運(yun)行(xing)中(zhong)(zhong),發現(xian)(xian)球磨(mo)(mo)機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)晃動或振(zhen)動,應檢查球磨(mo)(mo)機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)地腳(jiao)(jiao)螺(luo)栓(shuan)是(shi)否(fou)松(song)動,若(ruo)(ruo)有(you)松(song)動,必須(xu)(xu)進行(xing)緊(jin)(jin)(jin)固(gu)(gu)。若(ruo)(ruo)不(bu)(bu)能緊(jin)(jin)(jin)固(gu)(gu),有(you)可能是(shi)地腳(jiao)(jiao)螺(luo)栓(shuan)斷裂或被拔出(chu),須(xu)(xu)對地腳(jiao)(jiao)螺(luo)栓(shuan)進行(xing)再生(sheng)根(gen)處(chu)理;若(ruo)(ruo)發現(xian)(xian)二次灌漿層(ceng)開裂,墊鐵(tie)(tie)松(song)動,應將墊鐵(tie)(tie)打緊(jin)(jin)(jin),進行(xing)緊(jin)(jin)(jin)固(gu)(gu),打緊(jin)(jin)(jin)過程須(xu)(xu)認真觀察,避(bi)免機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)座(zuo)產(chan)生(sheng)變形;緊(jin)(jin)(jin)固(gu)(gu)中(zhong)(zhong)若(ruo)(ruo)出(chu)現(xian)(xian)較硬沖(chong)擊,且伴(ban)隨(sui)著緊(jin)(jin)(jin)固(gu)(gu),振(zhen)動加劇,應松(song)開該螺(luo)栓(shuan),逐步緊(jin)(jin)(jin)固(gu)(gu)其(qi)它螺(luo)栓(shuan),其(qi)它螺(luo)栓(shuan)緊(jin)(jin)(jin)固(gu)(gu)完畢(bi),再緊(jin)(jin)(jin)固(gu)(gu)該螺(luo)栓(shuan),緊(jin)(jin)(jin)固(gu)(gu)前先將機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)座(zuo)與(yu)球磨(mo)(mo)機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)之間塞實(shi)。現(xian)(xian)實(shi)中(zhong)(zhong),在(zai)(zai)對電(dian)機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)和風機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)聯軸(zhou)(zhou)器找正后(hou),緊(jin)(jin)(jin)固(gu)(gu)電(dian)機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)地腳(jiao)(jiao)螺(luo)栓(shuan),并穿上銷子,盤車時發現(xian)(xian)阻力不(bu)(bu)均,開機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)時軸(zhou)(zhou)向振(zhen)動較大,檢查聯軸(zhou)(zhou)器對中(zhong)(zhong),偏差較大;松(song)開電(dian)機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)地腳(jiao)(jiao)螺(luo)栓(shuan)檢查,發現(xian)(xian)電(dian)機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)一腳(jiao)(jiao)與(yu)機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)座(zuo)接觸不(bu)(bu)實(shi),后(hou)按(an)以上方(fang)法處(chu)理后(hou),檢測設備運(yun)行(xing)正常。

球磨機

球(qiu)磨(mo)(mo)機(ji)一般處(chu)于大型生產線(xian)的(de)(de)重要位(wei)置,其生產運行是否可靠直接影響生產線(xian)的(de)(de)正常運行,因(yin)(yin)此選(xuan)機(ji)、制造、運輸、安裝(zhuang)、調試等每一步都必(bi)須(xu)謹慎(shen)處(chu)理,本文僅總結球(qiu)磨(mo)(mo)機(ji)因(yin)(yin)為安裝(zhuang)不精(jing)細,配(pei)件松動引起的(de)(de)振動問題,更多球(qiu)磨(mo)(mo)機(ji)相關問題歡迎(ying)咨詢我(wo)廠。

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